📘 Lesson · Lesson 82
Deep Copy vs Shallow Copy
Deep Copy vs Shallow Copy
Two Kinds of Copy
💡 At a Glance
A shallow copy copies the outer object but shares inner objects. A deep copy copies everything independently.
Shallow Copy
Python
import copy a = [[1, 2], [3, 4]] b = copy.copy(a) # shallow b[0][0] = 99 print(a) # a also changed!
[[99, 2], [3, 4]]
Deep Copy
Python
import copy a = [[1, 2], [3, 4]] b = copy.deepcopy(a) # deep b[0][0] = 99 print(a) # a is safe
[[1, 2], [3, 4]]
Summary
- Shallow copy shares nested objects — changes affect both.
- Deep copy duplicates everything — fully independent.
दो तरह की Copy
💡 एक नज़र में
Shallow copy बाहरी object copy करती है पर inner objects share करती है। Deep copy सब कुछ स्वतंत्र रूप से copy करती है।
Shallow Copy
Python
import copy a = [[1, 2], [3, 4]] b = copy.copy(a) # shallow b[0][0] = 99 print(a) # a भी बदल गया!
[[99, 2], [3, 4]]
Deep Copy
Python
import copy a = [[1, 2], [3, 4]] b = copy.deepcopy(a) # deep b[0][0] = 99 print(a) # a safe है
[[1, 2], [3, 4]]
सारांश
- Shallow copy nested objects share करती है — changes दोनों पर।
- Deep copy सब duplicate करती है — पूरी तरह स्वतंत्र।